Introduction:
Smoke Box (Smoke Density Chamber) measures optical density of smoke generated from test sample when test sample of certain thickness is exposed to heat source(2.5W/cm2, 25kW/m2 using by ASTM E 662 furnace) or fire in a chamber. Smoke Density Tester is satisfied with standards ASTM E 662, BS6401, ISO 5659, NES 711, NEPA 258, etc. Using ISO 5659 conical radiant heat furnace, We can change the heating condition from 10 kW/m2 to 50kW/m2 or 70kW/m2 according to different requirements. In the test of NES 711, there are non-flaming test and flaming test in test conditions different from ASTM E 662. This test method is increasingly used in interior material of rolling stock, low power incombustible cable and interior film, etc
Standard:
• ASTM E 662 : Standard Test Method for Specific Optical Density of Smoke Generated by Solid Materials
1. Conduct all tests in a room or enclosed space having an ambient temperature of 73 6 5°F (23 6 3°C) and relative humidity of approximately 50 % at the time of test. Take precautions to provide a means for removing potentially hazardous gases from the area of operation.
1) Caution is urged during use of apparatus to prevent explosion of pyrolyzates, particularly under nonflaming condi- tions. Good laboratory procedure is urged also to prevent exposure of the operator to smoke, particularly during removal of the sample from the chamber or in clean-up.
2) Clean the chamber walls whenever periodic visual inspection indicates the need. 9 Clean the exposed surfaces of the glass windows separating the photodetector and light source housing from the interior of the chamber, before each test (ethyl alcohol is generally effective). Charred residues on the specimen holder and horizontal rods shall be removed between tests to avoid contamination.
3.)During the warm-up period all electric systems (furnace, light source, photometer readout, etc.) shall be on, the exhaust vent and chamber door closed, and the inlet vent open. When the temperature on the center surface of the back wall reaches a steady-state value in the range of 95 6 4°F (35 62°C) the chamber is ready for furnace calibrating or testing. To increase chamber wall surface temperature to the stated level it is permissible for an auxiliary heater to be used but it shall be removed prior to performing tests; conversely to decrease this temperature, the exhaust blower is a useful tool to introduce cooler air from the laboratory. Standardize the furnace output irradiance at periodic intervals according to test experience (normally twice per test day).
4) A “blank” specimen holder, with the inorganic insulation millboard backing exposed shall always be directly in front ofthe furnace except when displaced to the side by (1) the specimen holder during a test or (2) the radiometer during calibration. It shall be returned immediately to this position when testing or calibration is completed to prevent excessive heating of the adjacent wall surface.
• BSI 6401 : British Standard Method for Measurement, in the laboratory, of the specific optical density of smoke generated by materials
• ISO 5659-2 : Plastics-Smoke generation -Part 2: Determination of optical density by a single-chamber test
• NES 711 : Determination of the Smoke Index of Products of combustion from Small Specimens of Material
Feature:
1. Integrated body and 19” analysis rack (Saving space).
2. 17” touch screen panel type PC for the whole control and automatic testing.
3. Air cylinder type movement to load sample or automatically open the up/down vent(highly resistant to pollution from test).
4. Coating of the test chamber convenient in cleaning and resistant to chemicals.
5. Lock designed to close the chamber door at a time.
6. Indication of transmission rate and smoke density with improved accuracy.
7. Chamber preheat system to facilitate test with more accuracy.
8. Safety blow-out panel system to protect user when pressure is sharply increased during test.
9. Port, heated filter, and heated line to measure toxic gases.
10. Manometer gauge with increased accuracy by using the MFC(Mass Flow Controller) and DPT(Differential Pressure Transducer) enabling auto leakage test.
11. Portable water cooling system without need for waterworks and plumbing when using the Heat Fluxmeter (for ISO 5659).
12. Load cell with increased accuracy to measure mass loss rate in ISO 5659 test.
13. SB 2005 DAQ(Data Acquisition) Program to control the use of touch screen panel PC.
Test Result:
• Laboratory Information
• User’s CI
• Specimen Conditions
• Time from start of test, t(s)
• Transmission(%) and specific optical density, Ds
• Maximum Ds and time to maximum Ds
• Correction Ds
• Current range setting and filter position
• Current mass(g) for ISO 5659