Introduction:
Single Burning Items(SBI), as European's the evaluation of the fire-resistance performance of building materials, measures heat release rate (H.R.R), smoke growth rate index (SPR), oxygen consumption, CO, CO2 production, mass loss rate and so on.
Single Burning Items test method is to measure response behaviour of the product for building materials (except flooring materials) against fire when the product for building materials is exposed to heat attack(by Sand-Box burner of propane fuel) from Single Burning Items.
The specimen is settled on the Trolley (moving cart) located in Frame just below the emission system. The response of specimen against burner is displayed by mechanically and visually. In mechanically, it calculates Heat Release Rate (H.R.R) and Smoke Release Rate (S.R.R), and physical properties are evaluated by visual observation. Measuring range of SBI, Fire Growth Rate Index (FIGRA) by oxygen consumption quantity of combustion products is the most representative measuring element; otherwise, representative measuring elements are oxygen consumption, CO, CO2 production, Smoke Growth Rate Index (SMOGRA) and so on. The maximum heat release rate can be measured up to 1MW.
Standard:
• BS EN 13823
- Reaction to fire tests for building products-Building products excluding floorings exposed to the thermal attack by a single burning item
Test procedure
1. General
Perform the steps in 8.2 in sequence, with the measuring equipment operating and the trolleywith the test specimen and the main burner placed in the frame, under the hood. The entiretesting procedure until the end of the test shall be carried out within 2 h of removal of thespecimen from the conditioning environment.
2. Testing operations
A) Set the volume flow of the exhaust,Vos(t)， to (0,60 ± 0,05) m3/s [(calculated_inaccordance with A.5.1.1a)]. This volume flow shall be within the range 0,50 mis to 0,65 m3lsduring the total test period.
NOTE Due to changes in heat output, some exhaust systems (especially those provided with localfans) can need manual or automatic readjustment during the test, to meet the requirement given.
B) Record the temperatures T,,T2 and T3 of the thermocouples in the exhaust duct andthe ambient temperature for at least 300 s.The ambient temperature shall be within (20±10)C,and the temperatures in the duct shall not differ more than 4 c from the ambienttemperature.
C) lgnite the pilot flames of both burners (if pilot flames are used). Changes in the gassupply to the pilot flames during the tests shall not exceed 5 mg/s.
D) Record the pre-test conditions.The data to be recorded are given in 8.3.2.
E) Start the time measurement with the chronometer and the automatic recording ofdata.The time of start is t= 0 s. The data to be recorded are given in 8.4.
F) At t= (120 ± 5) s: lgnite the auxiliary burner and adjust the propane mass flow mgas(t)to (647 ± 10) mg/s.The adjustments shall be made before t = 150 s.The mass flow shall bewithin this range during the total test period.
NOTE The time period 210 s < t< 270 s is used to measure the base line for the heat release rate.8.2.7At t = (300 ± 5) s: Switch the propane supply from the auxiliary burner to the mainburner. Observe and record the time when the main burner ignites.
G) Observe the burning behaviour of the specimen for a period of 1 260 s and record thedata on the record sheet.The data to be recorded are given in (C) and (D).
NOTE The nominal exposure period of the specimen to the flames of the main burner is 1 260 s.The performance is evaluated over a period of 1 200 s.
H) At t≥ 1 560 s:
a) terminate the gas supply to the burner;b)stop the automatic recording of data.
I) Record the end of test conditions on the record sheet at least 1 min after anyremaining combustion of the specimen has been totally extinguished.The data to be recordedare given in (E)
NOTEThe conditions at the end of the test should be recorded without the influence of remainingcombustion. lf the specimen is difficult to extinguish, the trolley can need to be removed.
Test Result:
① Average rate of heat release[RHRav(t)]
② Total Heat Release[THR(t)]
③ 1000 * [RHRav(t)/(t-300)]
④ Fire Growth Rate Index[FIGRA]
⑤ Total Heat Release[THR600s]
⑥ Occurrence of Lateral Flame Spread
⑦ RSPav(t)
⑧ Total Smoke Production[TSP(t)]
⑨ 10000 * [RSPav(t)/(t-300)]
⑩ Smoke Growth Rate Index[SMOGRA]
⑪ Total Smoke Production[TSP600s]
Control Unit:
• Main Sandbox Burner & Trolley
• Fixed Frame & Auxiliary Burner
• Hood
• Collector
• Measuring Tube(J-Shaped)
• Sandbox Burner ( Main & Auxiliary )
• Gas Diverter
• Smoke Exhaust System
• Three Thermocouples(by EN 60584-1)
• Bi-directional Probe
• Gas Sampling Probe
• Analyzer ( O2 ,CO2, CO )
• Light Attenuation System
• Atmospheric Pressure Measurement
• Cold Trap
Auxiliary
• Propane Gas & 2 Stage Regulator
• N2 & CO/CO2 Gas & 2 Stage Regulator